{"id":1313,"date":"2020-10-15T19:30:38","date_gmt":"2020-10-15T16:30:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/b-ento.com\/ru\/?p=1313"},"modified":"2022-08-17T17:25:09","modified_gmt":"2022-08-17T14:25:09","slug":"fitosejulyus-persimillis-phytoseiulus-persimilis","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/b-ento.com\/en\/fitosejulyus-persimillis-phytoseiulus-persimilis\/","title":{"rendered":"Phytoseiulus Persimilis"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><em>Phytoseiulus persimilis<\/em> is a predatory mite, which is one of the main components of comprehensive programs for combating spider mites in greenhouses on vegetables and ornamental plants in Europe, North America and other countries. This mite was accidentally imported to Germany from Chile in 1958 and subsequently delivered to other parts of the world.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Description<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Although the <em>Phytoseiulus persimilis <\/em>is tiny, about 0.5 mm (slightly larger than a spider mite), in order to identify it, it is necessary to use optics with magnification. The predator has a teardrop-shaped body of orange or red-orange colour. Long limbs allow the acariphage to move very quickly in search and when hunting prey. Immature stages are characterized by a lighter colour. The first (larval) stage has only 3 pairs of legs. The eggs are oval-shaped, and about twice the size of the eggs of its antagonist.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(Note: in winter, the spider mite also acquires a reddish colour, two dark spots on its abdomen usually distinguish the pest from other mites.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Range of victims<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Phytoseiulus persimilis<\/em> is a specialized predator of spider mites. In fact, <em>Phytoseiulus persimilis<\/em> carries out nutrition, reproduction, and formation during the life cycle, only at the expense of a family of spider mites. In the absence of a target victim, the predator will feed on the immature stages of thrips and will manifest itself as a cannibal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Life cycle<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The life cycle of <em>Phytoseiulus persimilis<\/em> consists of 5 stages:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Egg<\/li><li>Larva<\/li><li>Two nymphal stages<\/li><li>Datonymph<\/li><li>Protonymph<\/li><li>Imago<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>The eggs of the <em>Phytoseiulus<\/em> have a round shape, translucent colour and develop for 2-3 days, after which the larva appears.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The larva has 3 pairs of limbs, the colour is slightly darker than the egg and does not feed, after about 1 day moulting occurs and the transition to the first nymphal stage.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Both nymphal stages last 2-7 days, at this stage the acariphage differs little from an adult and becomes an active predator.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The total development time from egg to imago is from 3.5 weeks at 15C and from 1 week at 30C<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The female predator is able to lay up to 50-60 eggs at a temperature of 17-27C for a lifetime of about 50 days.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The estimated generation time of generations is 1-3 weeks and depends on climatic conditions. Due to its tropical origin, <em>Phytoseiulus persimilis<\/em> does not enter diapause and is actively used throughout the year (regardless of the season) in closed habitats, such as greenhouses.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Effectiveness of Phytoseiulus persimilis<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Adult predator individuals eat 5-20 victims (eggs or adults) per day. The process of reproduction and population formation is much faster than that of the spider mite, especially at high temperatures, more than +28C, and they feed on spider mites at all stages of their development. <em>Phytoseiulus<\/em> is a very voracious predator and has the highest level of consumption among all <em>Phytoseiidae<\/em>. But in the absence of food, the population will either die of hunger or disperse in search.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Humidity plays an important role in the predator&#8217;s performance indicators. It was observed that development almost stopped at a humidity of 25-30%, and relative humidity below 70% led to a decrease in the ability of immature individuals to shed from one stage to another. In one study, at a relative humidity of 40% (temperature 27C), only 7.5% of eggs hatched, compared to 99.7% at a relative humidity of 80% (the same temperature). Eggs stored at a relative humidity of 50% shrivelled at all temperatures ranging from 13 \u2014 37C.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Phytoseiidae<\/em> mites use semiochemical (kairomones) that bind infected plants and a potential victim (pest). When a <em>Phytoseiulus<\/em> comes into contact with the web of a spider mite, its search abilities are enhanced.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The acariphage has a high dispersal capacity, and its distribution strongly correlates with the distribution of its prey. However, its ability to disperse depends on the environment, the spread of victims and the density of planting.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Phytoseiulus persimilis<\/em> is a very mobile and efficient predator, which usually leads to the complete extermination of the target victim (spider mite). On the one hand, this is very good, especially for ornamental plants, where even small damage by a pest is undesirable. On the other hand, when the food supply is depleted, the <em>Phytoseiulus<\/em> will die, and the population will require renewal. Therefore, using acarifage on crops where minor damage is permissible (tomatoes and cucumbers), it is recommended to maintain stable interaction between predator and prey for a long period of time.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Phytoseiulus persimilis is a predatory mite, which is one of the main components of comprehensive programs for combating spider mites in greenhouses on vegetables and ornamental plants in Europe, North America and other countries. This mite was accidentally imported to Germany from Chile in 1958 and subsequently delivered to other parts of the world. Description <a href=\"https:\/\/b-ento.com\/en\/fitosejulyus-persimillis-phytoseiulus-persimilis\/\" class=\"more-link\">&#8230;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":74,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"single-enciklopedia.php","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[66],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1313","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-entomofagi"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/b-ento.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1313","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/b-ento.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/b-ento.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/b-ento.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/74"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/b-ento.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1313"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/b-ento.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1313\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/b-ento.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1313"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/b-ento.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1313"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/b-ento.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1313"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}